Infinite Universe Theory Free at Last!

PSI Blog 20200729 Infinite Universe Theory Free at Last!

PSI is 40 years old this year. Here is a little something in celebration in case you or your friends don’t have a copy of the Kindle version yet:

Borchardt, Glenn, 2017, Infinite Universe Theory: Berkeley, California, Progressive Science Institute, 327 p. [http://go.glennborchardt.com/IUTebook].

This Kindle version is free today only. Be sure to tell your friends!

Glenn

Update:

IUT is #1 in Amazon (free) both in Astrophysics and Cosmology! (free extended for one more day)

Another Big Bang falsification: Elderly stars at the “birth of the universe”

PSI Blog 20200727 Another Big Bang falsification: Elderly stars at the “birth of the universe”

This from Pierre:

“Hello, Glenn!

Here is another one.

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/hubble-makes-surprising-find-in-early-universe

According to the BBT, the first stars to have formed in the early universe should have an almost null metallicity. The team led by Bhatawdekar found no such stars at distances up to 13.3 billion light years, presumably 500 million years after the birth of the universe. They just found old galaxies!

Regards,

Pierre Berrigan”

“New results from the Hubble Space Telescope suggest the formation of the first stars and galaxies in the early universe took place sooner than previously thought. A European team of astronomers have found no evidence of the first generation of stars, known as Population III stars, when the universe was less than 1 billion years old. This artist's impression presents the early universe. Credits: ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser and NASA"

[GB: Note that our own metallic star (the Sun) is over 4.5 billion years old. Can’t wait until the Webb telescope (due in March?) shows galaxies at the new limit of observation to be greater than the cosmogonists’ 13.8 billion-yr “age of the universe.” Of course, that too will be defended by some new made-up story, but you can see where this is headed: The eventual junking of the BBT and the adoption of IUT (Infinite Universe Theory). Here you are present for another “giant step for mankind.”]

Even Galileo “Proves Einstein Right Again”

PSI Blog 20200720 Even Galileo “Proves Einstein Right Again”

"The motion of stars has helped prove Einstein correct again. Credit: UPI / Alamy"

"Einstein was right about how extremely massive objects fall in space":

https://go.glennborchardt.com/Galileo-AE

The mainstream media glorifies Einstein any chance they get. He is always proven right, even when the “proof” was done centuries ago by someone else. This article is one of the silliest. Even grade-school kids are supposed to know “Galileo dropped a big one and a small one off the Tower of Pisa, with both arriving at the same time.” According to Wikipedia, even that did not actually happen. That experiment was performed a few years before Galileo’s imperiment[1]:

“A similar experiment took place some years earlier in Delft in the Netherlands, when the mathematician and physicist Simon Stevin and Jan Cornets de Groot (the father of Hugo de Groot) conducted the experiment from the top of the Nieuwe Kerk. The experiment is described in Simon Stevin's 1586 book De Beghinselen der Weeghconst (The Principles of Statics), a landmark book on statics:

Let us take (as the highly educated Jan Cornets de Groot, the diligent researcher of the mysteries of Nature, and I have done) two balls of lead, the one ten times bigger and heavier than the other, and let them drop together from 30 feet high, and it will show, that the lightest ball is not ten times longer under way than the heaviest, but they fall together at the same time on the ground.”

Anyway, the observation being promoted as yet another “proof” of Einstein’s General Relativity Theory is no such thing. That three different stars having different masses should respond to gravitation in the same way is nothing new. Remember that anything attributed to Einstein’s “curved space-time” is really due to aetherial pressure differences produced by aether particle deceleration via collisions with massive bodies.[2]

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[1] IMPERIMENT. A thought “experiment.” I invented this as a proper replacement for what was formerly considered a “thought experiment” by quasi-immaterialists such as Einstein. Strictly speaking, an experiment only can occur outside the mind per the prefix “ex.” Science discovers truth through observation and experiment. Imperiments may be useful for predicting experimental results, but they have little credence among materialists (scientists) until those experiments actually are performed. There is no published evidence Galileo actually did the experiment attributed to him.

[2] Borchardt, Glenn, 2018, The physical cause of gravitation: Preprint. [http://vixra.org/abs/1806.0165].

The entire universe may once have been spinning all over the place?

PSI Blog 20200713 The entire universe may once have been spinning all over the place?

Spiral galaxies have revealed a clue about the early universe

NASA, ESA and the Hubble SM4 ERO Team

https://go.glennborchardt.com/Gaxaxy-spin

Egads! Well, at least this shows you don’t have to have a correct theory to come up with useful data. These 200,000 observations show about half of the spirals rotating clockwise (CW) and half rotating counter clockwise (CCW). Of course, microcosms rotate after interacting with their macrocosms in a special way: shear. Shear occurs when one thing moves in the opposite direction as another thing. That’s what we observe when landslides and earthquakes occur. When both sides of the shear plane are not fixed, countervailing rotations occur. You can prove this yourself by rotating one spherical object in contact with another. A CW in one will produce a CCW in the other.

The point of all this is that a microcosm cannot begin to rotate in isolation—least of all in a finite universe surrounded by empty space. Like much of cosmogony, the title to this piece is quite absurd. Do these folks really think the universe could spin willy-nilly in opposite directions at different times? The change in direction would be as miraculous as their imagined explosion of the entire universe out of nothing. And do they really think that would have any influence on spiral galaxy rotation?

Now for the useful stuff:

1.    Again, the finding that half were CW and half CCW is more or less what we would expect for the Infinite Universe. They mention a 2% variation. That is quite uniform for a universe that is infinite and imperfect.

2.    The variation appears greater for distant galaxies than for nearby galaxies. This is as it should be. Measurements farther away are going to be more difficult than those nearby. The plus or minus variation should increase with distance.

3.    Observations from the poles found a couple percent more CCW than CW; from the equator, there were more CW than CCW. This is probably an artefact of the location of measurement.    

Perfectly Empty Space Meets an Overdue Death--Again

PSI Blog 20200706 Perfectly Empty Space Meets an Overdue Death--Again

Credit: Prochaska and Macquart (2020).

Einstein’s crucial assumption that space is perfectly empty continues to be battered by mean old data. Einstein’s light particles have to travel through the universe at a constant velocity without losing energy. Of course, light is not a particle. It is a wave, as Sagnac showed in 1913.[1] All real particles lose velocity over distance. The velocity of wave motion is controlled by the medium and therefore is constant over distance. It too, losses energy, with wave lengths increasing over distance.

Thanks to Marilyn for this heads up on this research summarized by J. Xavier Prochaska and Jean-Pierre Macquart. The takeaway here is what happens to certain radio waves when they travel through the universe. They review one of the first discoveries indicating space was not empty:

“This was termed the “warm-hot intergalactic medium” and nicknamed “the WHIM.” The WHIM, if it existed, would solve the missing baryon problem but at the time there was no way to confirm its existence.

In 2001, another piece of evidence in favor of the WHIM emerged. A second team confirmed the initial prediction of baryons making up 5% of the universe by looking at tiny temperature fluctuations in the universe’s cosmic microwave background [CMB]…”

This was the famous Nobel-prize work of Penzias and Wilson of Bell Labs, who published two papers on their discovery of the CMB in 1965.[2] Of course, these data had to be erroneously interpreted by others as confirmation of the Big Bang Theory, which assumes the universe was once a million degrees. Universal expansion during the last 13.8 billion years is supposed to have led to the cooling indicated by the CMB measurement.

Of course, their data proved no such thing. They actually were a disproof of the theory, since the expansion hypothesis on which the Big Bang Theory is based itself requires perfectly empty space. The temperature of perfectly empty space would have been 0^oK. Instead, it was about 2.7^oK. Temperature, of course, is the motion of matter. Any temperature above 0^oK would mean there was matter in outer space.

That matter is what the current study was searching for. The CMB data came up with only half of the 5% cosmic matter predicted by the assumptions of Big Bang Theory.

The current study uses the 2007-discovery of fast radio bursts (FRB):

“FRBs are extremely brief, highly energetic pulses of radio emissions. Cosmologists and astronomers still don’t know what creates them, but they seem to come from galaxies far, far away.[3]

As these bursts of radiation traverse the universe and pass through gasses and the theorized WHIM, they undergo something called dispersion.”

“…when radio waves pass through matter, they are briefly slowed down. The longer the wavelength, the more a radio wave “feels” the matter. Think of it like wind resistance. A bigger car feels more wind resistance than a smaller car.

The “wind resistance” effect on radio waves is incredibly small, but space is big. By the time an FRB has traveled millions or billions of light-years to reach Earth, dispersion has slowed the longer wavelengths so much that they arrive nearly a second later than the shorter wavelengths.”

Now, light waves, using the same aether medium, also slowdown in contact with baryonic (ordinary) matter. That slowdown is responsible for simple refraction—a process we measure as the “index of refraction.” Remember, the velocity of light is 300 million meters per second in air and 225 million meters per second in water. That is why light slows and becomes curved as it enters and exists a planetary atmosphere. We call that the “Shapiro Effect.”[4] So this is yet another observation proving there is no perfectly empty space, no particles of light requiring it, no universal expansion, or Big Bang.

https://go.glennborchardt.com/baryon-space

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[1] Borchardt, Glenn, 2017, Infinite Universe Theory: Berkeley, California, Progressive Science Institute, 337 p. [http://go.glennborchardt.com/IUTebook]. Ch.15.1.

[2] Penzias, A. A., and Wilson, R. W., 1965, A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature at 4080 Mc/s: The Astrophysical Journal, v. 142, p. 419. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1965ApJ...142..419P].

Penzias, A. A., and Wilson, R. W., 1965, Measurement of the Flux Density of CAS a at 4080 Mc/s: The Astrophysical Journal, v. 142, p. 1149. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1965ApJ...142.1149P].

[3] Actually, a more recent discovery has fairly good evidence that a fast radio burst came from a “magnetar,” which is a highly magnetic, dense star in our own galaxy: 

https://www.wired.com/story/astronomers-track-a-fast-radio-burst-to-its-source-a-magnetar/

[4] Borchardt, Glenn, 2017, Infinite Universe Theory: Berkeley, California, Progressive Science Institute, 337 p. [http://go.glennborchardt.com/IUTebook]. Ch. 17.5.