PSI Blog 20251103 Proof
the Universe is Infinite—A Non Sequitur
Thanks to reader
Michael Simpson for these questions:
“What irrefutable
proof exists that the Universe is infinite?
It's clear the Big
Bang was not the singular start. But surely anything else is conjecture. I can’t
prove it's not infinite, but I can say that it doesn't need to be infinite. Is
there proof that it is infinite?”
[GB: Your question involves
two opposed fundamental assumptions, which are neither provable nor falsifiable.
However, the beauty of fundamental assumptions is that if one is true, the
other is false. The non sequitur involves the impossibility of obtaining a complete
proof or falsification because the universe is infinite.
We are always forced
to deal with less. In all of science, no measurement we make can ever be repeated
exactly. With enough precision, we always get differing values. A nitpicker who
erroneously assumed finity could take the tiniest variation as evidence for
falsification.
The inevitable
variation produced by the Infinite Universe is handled by the
Second Assumption of Science, causality (All effects have an infinite number of
material causes) and its corollary, the Third Assumption of Science, uncertainty (It is impossible to know everything about
anything, but it is often possible to know more about anything). We can,
however, get data that tends to support or disprove a theory. Reread “Infinite Universe Theory” to see evidence
in support of infinity; reread the second edition of “The Scientific Worldview”
where I listed 25 falsifications of the Big Bang Theory.
About the strongest
evidence in favor of infinity is the discovery of “Elderly Galaxies” as far as
we can see in the observed universe. Recent photos from the James Webb Space
Telescope are scattered among my posts. Just search on “Elderly Galaxy.”
Infinity is seen throughout nature. There are no two snowflakes alike, etc.
From the tiniest sand grain to the leaves on trees, I have never seen two that
were identical.]
“As for time, state
change usually involves motion, but need not, if motion implies movement in
space state change can happen without movement in space. If however you mean
motion as synonymous with state change yes.”
[GB: Just a little
clarification from Google AI:
“Change of state is
a physical process where matter transitions from one form (solid, liquid, or
gas) to another due to a change in temperature or pressure. This occurs when a
substance absorbs or loses energy, causing its particles to move differently,
but the chemical composition remains the same. Examples include melting (solid
to liquid), freezing (liquid to solid), and boiling (liquid to gas).”
Note that absorption
or loss of energy always occurs in every reaction, whether a change of state or
not, as explained in the neomechanics section of "The Scientific Worldview."
Even in your erroneously assumed “perfectly empty space” submicrocosmic motion
must occur, and this takes time.
This reminds me of one of my first comments in scientific philosophy. It involved the then current fad called “catastrophe theory.” The authors erroneously assumed zero time for the occurrence of the Permian mass extinction.
To sum up, there
will never be a definitive (complete) proof of infinity, just as there will
never be such for our scientific assumption that there are causes for all
effects. That is because we cannot travel to the end of the universe, just as
we cannot discover the causes for all effects because they are infinite.
Nonetheless, we can see support for Infinite Universe Theory all around us.
There are 400 billion stars similar to our Sun in our Milky Way galaxy. There
are estimated to be 20 trillion galaxies in the observed universe. Every set of
measurements we take has a plus or minus because the universe is both
macrocosmically and microcosmically infinite. How much more support do you
need?
At the personal
level, your brain has 86 billion neurons—a tiny fraction of the trillions of atoms
that compose the rest of your body. Just get outside and look around you. There
is support for infinity in your own backyard. See the infinity of
stuff, with no two things being identical. Each XYZ portion of the universe contains
parts that came from somewhere else in the Infinite Universe per the Fifth
Assumption of Science, conservation (Matter and the motion
of matter can be neither created nor destroyed). Without infinity
you would not be here.
The fact you exist means that nonexistence is not possible. The idea of nonexistence (nothing), is simply an idea, not a reality. The Big Bang Theory is founded on the Eighth Assumption of Religion, finity (The universe is finite, both in the microcosmic and macrocosmic directions). There is no evidence for that, just as there is no evidence for Einstein’s false assumption light was a massless particle containing perfectly empty space traveling perpetually through perfectly empty space, which underlies the erroneous assumption the universe is expanding. The Big Bang Theory assumes the universe had a beginning: first there was nothing and then there was something. It is the “Last Creation Myth.”]
Thanks for reading
Infinite Universe Theory! Get your copy of the just-released Second Edition of
"The Scientific Worldview" to see the step-by-step logic leading
to the rational view of the cosmos. Be part of the “Last Cosmological
Revolution,” the demise of the “Last Creation Myth,” and the age of
enlightenment to come. Buy Now.
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